Transgender ιστορία

LAVERNE COX trans, actress-entertainer

Διαβάστε το ακόλουθο πολύ σημαντικό άρθρο που βρήκα στο Advocate, στο τεύχος της 18/12/2007. Παρουσιάζει την ιστορία των τρασέξουαλ. Το βρήκα πολύ διαφωτιστικό και ελπίζω να το βρείτε και εσείς:



TRANSGENDER HISTORY


1952 America learns of George William Jorgensen Jr.'s sex-change surgery in a New York Doily News story headlined "Ex-GI Becomes Blonde Beauty." A World War II veteran, Jorgensen, who underwent the procedure in Denmark and adopted the name Christine, becomes an instant celebrity on her return to the United States in February 1953. She later has careers as an actress and nightclub entertainer.


1966 A riot erupts after police attempt to arrest rowdy drag queens at Gene Compton's cafeteria in San Francisco. Protesters break windows, throw furniture, and burn down a newsstand; one throws coffee in an officer's face. The subject of the 2005 documentary Screaming Queens, the event is the beginning of the transgender rights movement.


1969 Writer and scholar Virginia Prince coins the word transgenderal, to describe herself and others, in "Men Who Choose to Be Women," an essay published in Sexology magazine. "I, at least, know the difference between sex and gender and have simply elected to change the latter and not the former," wrote Prince. The word becomes increasingly popular in the 1970s and by the 1980s has been shortened to transgender.



Drag queens are among those who resist arrest during a police raid on the Stonewall Inn in New York City's Greenwich Village, widely regarded as the start of the modern gay rights movement.



In 1970 the activist groups Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries and the Τranssexual/Transvestite Action Organization are formed.


1972 Sweden becomes the first country in the world to allow unmarried transsexual citizens to legally change their sex; the government will even pay for it. Panama would become the second country to legalize transsexuality, in 1975.


1975 Minneapolis becomes the first U.S. city to offer legal protections for transgender people after revising its human rights ordinance to ban discrimination against them. Today, at least 92 jurisdictions have trans-friendly measures on the books.


1977 The New York supreme court rules in favor of professional tennis player Renée Richards, a trans woman who filed a discrimination lawsuit against the United States Tennis Association after she was not allowed to play in the 1976 U.S. Open. She later coached Martina Navratilova with great success, including two Wimbledon singles wins.


1986 Activist Lou Sullivan forms FTM, the San Francisco-based support group that would become FTM International, now the longest-running female to male organization. Serving 18 countries, it also offers panels and workshops.


1989 Drag performer RuPaul first captures the public's attention with a cameo appearance in the B-52's "Love Shack" video. In 1993 he would achieve international fame with the hit single "Supermodel (You Better Work)."


1993 Transgender rights groups protest against organizers of the April 25 March on Washington for Lesbian, Gay, and Bi Equal Rights and Liberation for not referring to transgender people in the event's title, though the march's platform does. Names of earlier marches on Washington, in 1979 and 1987, also failed to reference the transgender community,



With its Human Rights Act, Minnesota becomes the first state to ban discrimination against its transgender residents, in language that protects those "having or being perceived as having a self image or identity not traditionally associated with one's biological maleness or femaleness."


1994 Riki Wilchins forms the Gender Public Advocacy Coalition, aiming to educate people about gender identity.


The acronyms LGBT and GLBT begin to appear in print, according to the Lexis-Nexis database.



The first mainstream news article to use the inclusive acronym is a September 9 piece in the Minneapolis Star Tribune about a local theater's creation of a GLBT singles night.


1998 The Gay Games requires transgender people to submit documentation of a sex change in order to compete in Amsterdam, a policy the 1994 Games in New York did not enforce.


1999 The Transgender Day of Remembrance is first observed in November, one year after the murder of Boston trans woman Rita Hester, a case that has never been solved. The Day of Remembrance is now observed annually in hundreds of cities around the world.
Boys Don't Cry is released in theaters nationwide. Based on the true story of Brandon Teen, a, a trans man who was raped and murdered in 1993, the film garners an Academy Award for Hilary Swank. For many Americans, her portrayal of Teena is the first depiction they've seen of a trans man.


2001 San Francisco becomes the first U.S. city to offer its employees health coverage for transgender-related medical needs. The city will fund sex-reassignment surgery and related treatments up to $75,000, according to the mayor's LGBT liaison.


2003 Activists found the National Center for Transgender Equality, a nonprofit group whose work includes educating members of Congress about transgender issues.


2007 Both houses of Congress pass the Matthew Shepard Act, which would expand the existing federal hate-crimes law to include sexual orientation and Bender identity. The same day, Rep. Barney Frank introduces a new version of the Employment Non-Discrimination Act that no longer protects transgender people, sparking a controversy that continues even after the bill passes the House in November